Document Type

Report

Publication Date

1-2022

Abstract

Traffic safety analysis is the fundamental step for reducing economic, social, and environmental cost incurred due to traffic accidents. The essence of traffic safety is understanding the factors affecting crash occurrence, injury severity and collision type and their underlying relationships and predict-prevent future crash instances. Crash injury severity studies in past have utilized numerous statistical, econometric and Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools to extract the underlying relationship between the crash causal factors and the consequent severity or collision type. The study aims to explore the Multi-Label Classification (MLC) tool from the domain of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for classification problems in the setting of traffic safety. MLC finds its application primarily in protein function, semantic scene, and music categorization problems. In the real world, multiple heterogenous subjective factors decide the extent of damage/severity of a particular crash instance. Theoretically, the traffic collision type and crash severity type can be correlated, and thus, it is intuitive to model them simultaneously. The ability of MLC to categorize an entity under analysis to more than one labels, correlated or uncorrelated, provides the approach an edge over the single-class (binary) or multi-class classification approach. The MLC based classification model was calibrated and tested using the historical crash data extracted for the state of Texas. The selection of study area was based on a link-level unsupervised principal component analysis-based clustering approach. Similar clustering approach was also tested at the county-level to understand the spatial behavior and thus transferability of the MLC approach to other key cities in the state. The performance of the proposed approach was tested, compared, and quantified with the conventional binary/multi-class classification tools used in the traffic safety domain. Inferences from the preliminary numerical analysis indicates that the proposed multi-label classification approach has promising performance compared to the traditional classification approaches, specifically found in traffic safety literatures.

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Tran-SET Project: 20SAUTSA36

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