Document Type

Article

Publication Date

10-1-2023

Abstract

Aims The association between prolactin and mortality has been less studied, and findings were inconsistent among different populations. We aimed to investigate the association between serum prolactin (PRL) and mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of 10 907 patients with at least 2 prolactin measurements within 2 years since and results their first inpatient diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Baseline and mean values of serum PRL were used as exposures. A multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the association between PRL and mortality. During a mean follow-up of 5.34 years, 863 patients died, of whom 274 were due to cardiovascular events. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) based on different levels of baseline PRL (< 100, 100–199, 200–299, and ≥300 mIU/L) were 1.00, 1.10 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.90–1.36], 1.35 (95% CI 1.11–1.67), and 1.49 (95% CI 1.18–1.84) for all-cause mortality and 1.00, 1.24 (95% CI 0.86–1.81), 1.71 (95% CI 1.14–2.62), and 2.42 (95% CI 1.55–3.78) for cardiovascular mortality, respectively. Positive associations were also found when we used the mean values of PRL as the exposure. These associations were consistent among patients of different baseline characteristics. Further sensitivity analyses excluding patients with subclinical or clinical hypothyroidism at baseline and who died within the first 6 months since baseline demonstrated similar results. Conclusions A positive association between baseline PRL and mortality was observed among patients with type 2 diabetes. Prolactin may be considered a potential biomarker of mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes.

Previous Versions

Jul 21 2025 (withdrawn)

Download

Share

COinS