Identification and genetic characterization of smooth cordgrass for coastal wetland restoration

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

12-7-2007

Abstract

Spartina alterniflora (Loisel.), smooth cordgrass, is a dominant perennial salt marshgrass native to tidal wetland plant communities along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of North America. It is an important plant species for coastal reclamation and restoration efforts. It spreads quickly by rhizomes and tolerates a wide range of saline, anoxic, and sulfidic soils. However, because of poor seed production this species is propagated vegetatively for reclamation or restoration projects. Current practices reduce genetic diversity of the species by utilizing a single vegetatively propagated genotype. The objectives of this study were; 1) identify multiple genotypes of S. alterniflora for use in restoration efforts and 2) assess genetic variability of these genotypes at the molecular level. Identification of desirable plants was based on plant growth characteristics and reproductive traits. Growth characters were plant height, spread, rust reaction, and vigor. Reproductive traits were seed set, germination, kernel weight, seed weight, and total seed per plant. This process resulted in seven plants, descended from seven different original source populations, which demonstrated superior performance for vegetative and reproductive traits. Molecular marker analysis revealed that genetic diversity, essential for success in the restoration projects, was maintained in selected plants. These plants offer an enhanced germplasm base for current restoration efforts. Research is continuing on the feasibility of developing seed based populations that would add even greater genetic diversity to the current accepted restoration practices.

Publication Source (Journal or Book title)

Journal of Aquatic Plant Management

First Page

90

Last Page

99

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