Adjuvant modification of herbicide interactions in aqueous soil suspensions

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

1-1-2002

Abstract

The effects of adjuvant on the sorption and desorption of cyanazine (2-[[4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]-2-methylpro- panenitrile), atrazine (6-chloro-N-ethyl-N′-(1-methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine), and norflurazon (4-chloro-5-(methylamino)-2-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3(2H)- pyridazinone) in several soils were studied for the potential of adjuvant use in remediating herbicide-contaminated soils. The soils evaluated represented a wide range of soil texture, organic carbon, and pH. Sorption of 14C-labeled herbicide was determined using batch equilibrium methods (equilibrated in water or adjuvant at 2.5 g L-1). Adjuvants used were classified as nonionic, cationic, and anionic. Desorption at two initial herbicide concentrations was done with water or adjuvant. Adjuvants generally increased the water solubility of these herbicides (10 to 91%). Cyanazine and atrazine sorption (Kd) was reduced in most soils with nonionic adjuvant (ranged 1.18 to 4.50 and 1.59 to 4.28, respectively) compared with water alone (1.36 to 5.59 and 1.75 to 4.59, respectively), whereas norflurazon sorption was increased with nonionic adjuvant (range: 3.88 to 8.76 in water; 4.66 to 9.82 in adjuvant). Similarly, more cyanazine and atrazine were desorbed by solutions containing adjuvant than in water, indicating that adjuvants may be useful in remediating some soils contaminated with certain herbicides. Adjuvant effects on sorption-desorption are, however, herbicide and soil-type specific.

Publication Source (Journal or Book title)

Soil Science

First Page

444

Last Page

452

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