Lignocellulosic Biomass Processing

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2-6-2012

Abstract

Lignocellulosic biomass processing is the application of engineering principles to biomass feedstocks via design, develop, and analyze processes. These processes may result in the formation of desirable biobased materials and biofuels. The processing tools in both chemical engineering and biological engineering will be essential to the successful elucidation of lignocellulosic biomass degradation mechanism. This chapter is concerned with both lignocellulosic biomass and processing technologies. Southern pine wood, corn stover and bast fiber crops were addressed as potential lignocellulosic feedstocks for biomass processing. Three of the most important pathways in the processing are biological conversion, thermochemical conversion and fiber production. Biochemical conversion proceeds at lower reaction rates at lower temperatures but tends to offer greater selectivity in products than thermochemical conversion. Thermochemical conversion is characterized by higher conversion rates at high temperatures. It is suitable for less moisture feedstock and is generally less selective for products. In this chapter, three types of thermochemical conversion processes liquefaction, fast pyrolysis, and gasification were addressed. Bast fiber production was also selected as an example to explain biobased material process from lignocellulosic biomass. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Publication Source (Journal or Book title)

Food and Industrial Bioproducts and Bioprocessing

First Page

293

Last Page

311

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