Long-term effects of combined exposures to simulated microgravity and galactic cosmic radiation on the mouse lung: sex-specific epigenetic reprogramming
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
3-1-2025
Abstract
Most studies on the effects of galactic cosmic rays (GCR) have relied on terrestrial irradiation using spatially homogeneous dose distributions of mono-energetic beams comprised of one ion species. Here, we exposed mice to novel beams that more closely mimic GCR, namely, comprising poly-energetic ions of multiple species. Six-month-old male and female C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 0 Gy, 0.5 Gy, or 1.5 Gy simplified simulated 5 ion GCR (GCRsim). Exposure to microgravity was simulated using hindlimb unloading (HLU). At nine months post exposure, the mice were terminated to assess for the presence of exposure-induced epigenetic alterations. DNA hypermethylation in the 5’-untranslated regions of Lx_III, MdFanc_I, and MdMus_II families of the Long Interspersed Nucleotide Element 1 (LINE-1) was observed in the lungs of male mice. These effects were accompanied by increases in the expression of DNA methyltransferases Dnmt1 and Dnmt3a, and methyl-binding protein, MecP2. Trends towards DNA hypomethylation, although insignificant, were observed in the lungs of female mice in the HLU + 1.5 Gy GCRsim group. Altogether, our findings suggest persistent and sex-specific epigenetic reprogramming in the mouse lung and suggests that the DNA methylation status of LINE-1 can serve as a robust and reliable biomarker of previous radiation exposure.
Publication Source (Journal or Book title)
Radiation and Environmental Biophysics
First Page
17
Last Page
27
Recommended Citation
Clement, K., Nemec-Bakk, A., Jun, S., Sridharan, V., Patel, C., Williams, D., Newhauser, W., Willey, J., Williams, J., Boerma, M., Chancellor, J., & Koturbash, I. (2025). Long-term effects of combined exposures to simulated microgravity and galactic cosmic radiation on the mouse lung: sex-specific epigenetic reprogramming. Radiation and Environmental Biophysics, 64 (1), 17-27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-025-01108-4