Localized orientation gradients in additively manufactured stainless steel 316H structures

Authors

• Selda Nayir, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
• Gerald L. Knapp, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
• Alex Plotkowski, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
• Caleb Massey, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
• John Coleman, Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

5-1-2025

Abstract

The high solidification rates during additive manufacturing cause highly localized thermal and strain gradients. The effect of these gradients on the evolution of local orientation misorientations within a grain is not well understood. In this study, stainless steel 316H parts were fabricated via laser powder bed fusion using three different energy densities: 43, 71, and 135 J/mm³. Electron backscatter diffraction showed that the maximum misorientations of the grains can be up to 25° along the build direction. Misorientation gradients (RMg) within grains are process-dependent and can change from 0.036°/μm to 0.015°/μm with increased volumetric energy densities. The characterized misorientation gradients are an indication of the level of dislocations and, to an extent, the plastic deformation resulting from the rapid solidification during laser powder bed fusion.

Publication Source (Journal or Book title)

Materials Characterization

Recommended Citation

Nayir, S., Knapp, G., Plotkowski, A., Massey, C., & Coleman, J. (2025). Localized orientation gradients in additively manufactured stainless steel 316H structures. Materials Characterization, 223 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114860