Semester of Graduation

Fall 2025

Degree

Master of Science (MS)

Department

Biological Sciences

Document Type

Thesis

Abstract

Seeds of salt-sensitive plants germinate under high salinity but fail to maintain growth following germination. Typically, salt stress leads to seedling lethality in crops. Halophyte seeds have evolved to avoid this fate in saline soils. Seeds of the halophyte Schrenkiella parvula remain dormant under high salinity but rapidly germinate once external salt concentration is reduced. In addition to salts like NaCl and KCl, osmotic stress inducing agents, including mannitol can inhibit germination by lowering external water potential. The transient state of germination inhibition can be reversed by transferring the seeds from a high salt to control medium. I aimed to identify the transcriptional and hormonal adjustments in response to high sodium induced seed germination inhibition as well as how the seed rapidly progresses germination when salt stress is removed compared. I compared these changes to seeds germinated without an interruption on a standard growth medium without added sodium. Time-dependent transcriptome profiling revealed that transcripts which code for oleosin and late-embryogenesis proteins were enriched in ungerminated seeds, while transcripts associated with photosynthesis, aquaporins, and cell-wall remodeling were induced in germinating seeds. Abscisic acid (ABA) remained high in dormant seeds or ungerminated seeds in the control medium compared to the levels observed in germinated seeds. In contrast Gibberellic acid remained at constant levels between imbibed and germinated seeds. Together, this study proposes a model for halophytes in which quiescence is maintained in salt-plated seeds by high salinity induced osmosensing and lowering the external salinity triggers coordinated transcriptional responses for cell wall remodeling, negative regulation ABA, and salt and water transport to rapidly progress to a germinated seedling.

Date

11-11-2025

Committee Chair

Dassanayake, Maheshi.

Available for download on Friday, November 20, 2026

Included in

Genomics Commons

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