Identifier

etd-04112014-092539

Degree

Master of Science (MS)

Department

Kinesiology

Document Type

Thesis

Abstract

Abstract Purpose: To determine effects of 8 wks of progressive whole-body training preceded by 4 wks of regional specific (RSTS) or aerobic training (AT), on bone mineral density (BMD). Methods: Subjects were over age 70 y, with a 6-min walk score of 218-490 m. Subjects were randomized to AT or RSTS for the first 4 wks (Phase 1). AT consisted of ~45 min of walking/biking (50-85% HR reserve), 3 d/wk. RSTS consisted of 8 exercises specific to major muscle groups and was performed for 3-5 min, at ~40-70% of max voluntary strength for ~45 min, 3 d/wk. After 4 wks, all subjects were advanced to a whole-body program using established guidelines (Phase 2). Bone mineral density of the lumbar and thoracic spine and pelvis was examined before training, after 4 wks, and after 12 wks, using Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Results Analysis showed a significant time effect for lumbar, thoracic, and pelvis BMD (p<0.05, 0.05, and 0.01, respectively); however, group by time interactions were found only for thoracic and lumbar BMD (p<0.05, p<0.10, respectively). Post hoc analysis revealed a significant difference for thoracic BMD at 12 wks compared to 4 wks and baseline for RSTS while AT showed no significant changes in thoracic or lumbar BMD. A significant increase of 3.2% from baseline for RSTS was found for lumbar BMD after only 4 wks. Conclusion Preceding well-rounded training with RSTS proved beneficial with respect to thoracic and lumbar BMD. The rapid time course for change in lumbar BMD may support the use of RSTS when trying to reduce fracture risk in a short time frame.

Date

2014

Document Availability at the Time of Submission

Release the entire work immediately for access worldwide.

Committee Chair

Johannsen, Neil

DOI

10.31390/gradschool_theses.406

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