A Closed-Loop Recyclable Biocomposite Integrating Thermally Reversible Networks With Wood Fibers for High-Performance Structural Applications

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

1-1-2026

Abstract

Natural fiber-reinforced thermoplastics face a critical trade-off between reprocessability and dimensional stability. Here, we design covalent adaptable networks (CANs) synergizing wood fiber (WF) with dynamic transesterification chemistry to bridge this gap. The thermally reversible cross-linked biocomposite (TRC-bioC) was fabricated via hot-press molding of WF (50–90 wt.%), E-51 epoxy, and phthalic anhydride. The composite with 70 wt.% WF achieved synchronized mechanical superiority: 94.4 MPa flexural, 59.2 MPa tensile, and 8.7 kJ m−2 impact strengths, surpassing conventional WF/HDPE composites by 430%, 344%, and 271%, respectively. Simultaneously, it exhibited extraordinary dimensional stability with ultralow creep strain (0.048%), thickness swelling (0.47%), and thermal expansion (1.30 × 10−5°C−1). These improvements originate from covalent cross-linking, high glass transition temperature, and enhanced WF/epoxy interfacial bonding. WF doubled as a transesterification catalyst, allowing full component recovery and more than three reprocessing cycles. Combining industrial-scale processability, aerospace-grade stability, and closed-loop recyclability, TRC-bioC is a breakthrough for structural applications in aerospace and marine engineering.

Publication Source (Journal or Book title)

Polymer Composites

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