Title
Porphyrin-retinamides: Synthesis and cellular studies
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
7-1-2007
Abstract
A series of four porphyrin-retinamides containing either all-trans- or 13-cis-retinoid acid residues, directly linked to the para-phenyl position of meso-tetraphenylporphyrin or via a low-molecular-weight PEG spacer, have been synthesized. The biological properties of these conjugates were evaluated in a model cell line, human HEp2, and in neuroblastoma SK-N-DZ cells, which exhibit moderate expression of retinoic acid receptors and retinoic acid-induced differentiation. The directly linked porphyrin-retinamides were taken up by a greater extent (20-50% more) in SK-N-DZ than in HEp2 cells. However, the PEG-containing conjugates accumulated maximally within both cell lines and approximately by the same amount, probably due to their increased amphiphilicity. Among all conjugates, the porphyrin-PEG-13-cis-retinamide accumulated the most in both cell lines (about 5 times more than the non-pegylated conjugates). None of the porphyrin-retinamide conjugates were toxic toward HEp2 cells at concentrations up to 100 μM, and only the hydrophobic non-pegylated conjugates were moderately toxic to SK-N-DZ cells [IC50 (dark) = 56-92 μM, and IC50 (at 1 J/cm 2) = 6-8 μM]. All conjugates preferentially localized within cellular vesicles that correlated well to the lysosomes and, in addition, the PEG-containing porphyrin-retinamides were also found in the ER. © 2007 American Chemical Society.
Publication Source (Journal or Book title)
Bioconjugate Chemistry
First Page
1185
Last Page
1193
Recommended Citation
Sibrian-Vazquez, M., Jensen, T., & Vicente, M. (2007). Porphyrin-retinamides: Synthesis and cellular studies. Bioconjugate Chemistry, 18 (4), 1185-1193. https://doi.org/10.1021/bc0700382