Title
Immobilization Mechanisms in Solidification/Stabilization of Cd and Pb Salts Using Portland Cement Fixing Agents
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
6-1-1990
Abstract
We have investigated the behavior of Cd and Pb salts toward cement-based solidification using TCLP leaching tests, conduction calorimetry, and solid-state NMR as a function of time. Concentrations of Cd in leachates are very low, while Pb concentrations are considerably higher and would represent a serious threat to groundwater. The Cd/cement system involves Cd(OH)2, which provides nucleation sites for precipitation of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) “gel” and calcium hydroxide, resulting in Cd being in the form of the insoluble hydroxide with a very impervious coating. On the other hand, the Pb/cement system involves hydroxide, sulfate, and nitrate mixed salts, which retard cement hydration reactions by forming an impervious coating around cement clinker grains. However, as pH in the cement pore waters undergoes fluctuations during the progress of hydration, the Pb salts undergo solubilization and reprecipitation on leachable surfaces of the cement matrix. © 1990, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
Publication Source (Journal or Book title)
Environmental Science and Technology
First Page
867
Last Page
873
Recommended Citation
Cartledge, F., Butler, L., Chalasani, D., Eaton, H., Frey, F., Herrera, E., Tittlebaum, M., & Yang, S. (1990). Immobilization Mechanisms in Solidification/Stabilization of Cd and Pb Salts Using Portland Cement Fixing Agents. Environmental Science and Technology, 24 (6), 867-873. https://doi.org/10.1021/es00076a012