Authors

Yosuke Yamada, National Institute of Health and Nutrition
Xueying Zhang, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology
Mary E.T. Henderson, University of Roehampton
Hiroyuki Sagayama, University of Tsukuba
Herman Pontzer, Duke University
Daiki Watanabe, National Institute of Health and Nutrition
Tsukasa Yoshida, National Institute of Health and Nutrition
Misaka Kimura, Kyoto University of Advanced Science
Philip N. Ainslie, University of British Columbia Okanagan
Lene F. Andersen, Universitetet i Oslo
Liam J. Anderson, Liverpool John Moores University
Lenore Arab, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
Issad Baddou, Université Ibn Tofail
Kweku Bedu-Addo, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology
Ellen E. Blaak, Universiteit Maastricht
Stephane Blanc, University of Wisconsin-Madison
Alberto G. Bonomi, Philips Research
Carlijn V.C. Bouten, Universiteit Maastricht
Pascal Bovet, Centre Universitaire de Médecine Générale et Santé Publique, Lausanne
Maciej S. Buchowski, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Nancy F. Butte, USDA ARS Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center
Stefan G. Camps, Universiteit Maastricht
Graeme L. Close, Liverpool John Moores University
Jamie A. Cooper, University of Georgia
Richard Cooper, Loyola University Chicago
Sai Krupa Das, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging
Lara R. Dugas, Loyola University Chicago
Simon Eaton, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health
Ulf Ekelund, Norges Idrettshøgskole
Sonja Entringer, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Terrence Forrester, The University of the West Indies
Barry W. Fudge, Aspire Academy
Annelies H. Goris, Universiteit Maastricht

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

11-25-2022

Abstract

Water is essential for survival, but one in three individuals worldwide (2.2 billion people) lacks access to safe drinking water. Water intake requirements largely reflect water turnover (WT), the water used by the body each day. We investigated the determinants of human WT in 5604 people from the ages of 8 days to 96 years from 23 countries using isotope-tracking (2H) methods. Age, body size, and composition were significantly associated with WT, as were physical activity, athletic status, pregnancy, socioeconomic status, and environmental characteristics (latitude, altitude, air temperature, and humidity). People who lived in countries with a low human development index (HDI) had higher WT than people in high-HDI countries. On the basis of this extensive dataset, we provide equations to predict human WT in relation to anthropometric, economic, and environmental factors.

Publication Source (Journal or Book title)

Science

First Page

909

Last Page

915

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