Reproductive ecology of Gould's Wild Turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo mexicana) in Arizona
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
9-1-2019
Abstract
Gould's Wild Turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo mexicana) are the least-studied subspecies of Wild Turkey. Restoration efforts to establish sustainable populations of the subspecies continue throughout portions of the historical range in New Mexico and Arizona. Wild Turkey population viability is driven by reproductive success, yet information on aspects of the reproductive ecology of Gould's Wild Turkey is either scant or nonexistent. We used GPS telemetry to detail reproductive ecology of 23 females during 2017 in southeastern Arizona. We observed a nest initiation rate of 65% and nest success of 58%. Average estimated date for the onset of laying for initial nests was 17 May, which was later than for other subspecies of Wild Turkey. Estimated clutch size (xÌ., = 5.6 eggs) across 14 nests and vegetative characteristics at nests were comparable to nest sites selected by Eastern and Rio Grande subspecies, but did not appear to influence nest fate. Mean size of incubation recess ranges was 21 ha (SD = 99), but was highly variable across individual females and we found no evidence of habitat sampling by female Gould's Wild Turkeys before initiating laying of eggs. Females used open/herbaceous habitats and pine-oak woodlands throughout the reproductive period but type of conditions used varied between the laying, incubation, and brooding period. While based on 1 year of field data, our work represents the only assessment of the reproductive ecology of the Gould's Wild Turkey in the United States and should prompt further investigations into the biology of this iconic southwestern species.
Publication Source (Journal or Book title)
Wilson Journal of Ornithology
First Page
667
Last Page
679
Recommended Citation
Collier, B., Fyffe, N., Smallwood, A., Oleson, B., Bakner, N., Heffelfinger, J., & Chamberlain, M. (2019). Reproductive ecology of Gould's Wild Turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo mexicana) in Arizona. Wilson Journal of Ornithology, 131 (3), 667-679. https://doi.org/10.1676/18-162