Physicochemical and mechanical properties of polypropylene-cellulose nanocrystal nanocomposites: Effects of manufacturing process and chemical grafting
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
2-1-2018
Abstract
Chemical modifications have been widely adopted for improving the dispersibility of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) in nonpolar matrixes. Nonetheless, an engineering design for improving the CNC structure is still challenging due to the differences in the dispersion level of CNCs depending on the modification strategies in a desired matrix. The current study was conducted to find an appropriate functionalization technique for CNCs and an effective manufacturing process for CNC-polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites. The surface structures of CNCs were successfully changed using toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and maleic anhydride grafted PP (MAPP). The tensile properties and thermal stability of the nanocomposites with MAPP grafted CNCs were higher than those of pristine and TDI grafted CNC systems. A melt-extrusion process with pre-dispersion processing exhibited more positive effects on the properties of the nanocomposites in comparison to the systems without pre-dispersion. Scanning and transmission electron microscopes also provided clear evidence of the dispersion levels of unmodified and modified CNCs in the PP matrix.
Publication Source (Journal or Book title)
BioResources
First Page
1619
Last Page
1636
Recommended Citation
Gwon, J., Cho, H., Lee, D., Choi, D., Lee, S., Wu, Q., & Lee, S. (2018). Physicochemical and mechanical properties of polypropylene-cellulose nanocrystal nanocomposites: Effects of manufacturing process and chemical grafting. BioResources, 13 (1), 1619-1636. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.13.1.1619-1636