Neurosarcoidosis: Clinical Features, Pathophysiology, and Management

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

1-1-2018

Abstract

Sarcoidosis is an immune-mediated, multisystem, inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology, which primarily affects pulmonary and lymphatic systems as well as skin. The pathologic hallmark of sarcoidosis is noncaseating epithelioid granulomas, which develop in the affected organs. Uncommonly, both central and peripheral nervous systems are affected by sarcoidosis, and patients with neurosarcoidosis present with a wide spectrum of neurologic manifestations due to the widespread nature of the underlying illness. While nervous system involvement in sarcoidosis is uncommon, in a certain number of patients, neurologic symptoms can be the initial and exclusive manifestation of sarcoidosis. Neurosarcoidosis is a great imitator of other pathologies and high clinical vigilance is required to diagnose it correctly. A discussion of the clinical features, underlying pathophysiology, and present management options for neurosarcoidosis is presented.

Publication Source (Journal or Book title)

Neuroinflammation

First Page

233

Last Page

246

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