Date of Award

Fall 10-1997

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Arts (MA)

Department

Geography and Anthropology

First Advisor

Heather McKillop

Abstract

Metates- maize grinding stones- from the Terminal Classic/Early Postclassic Maya site of Chichen Itza, Yucatan, Mexico are analyzed with respect to both intra-site dynamics and in relation to the greater Maya realm. Two hundred and seven metates or portions of metates were recorded in survey and mapping activities and from site storage. These metates are examined with a focus on size, material, form, and distribution. Results of the research are used to show how the inhabitants of Chichen Itza adapted to a native environment ill-suited for metate manufacture, and how this adaptation led to a metate industry significantly different from that of the southern Maya region.

The history of metates is reviewed, utilizing archaeological and ethnographic data. The mechanics of maize grinding are described in an effort to understand and predict the effects of grinding on the metate itself. Ethnographic data are also consulted to explore all stages of metate manufacture, trade, use, and discard with the purpose of turning a critical eye towards understanding ancient behaviors.

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