Planning public electric vehicle charging stations to balance efficiency and equality: A case study in Wuhan, China

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

4-15-2025

Abstract

The strategic placement of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCS) is fundamental to the widespread adoption of electric vehicles and plays a crucial role in mitigating climate change. As an emerging public transportation infrastructure, balancing fairness and efficiency in EVCS deployment is essential. To address the challenge of optimizing both fairness and efficiency in EVCS planning, this study introduces a two-step optimization (2SO) model that incorporates dynamic spatiotemporal demand. The model's effectiveness is validated through an empirical analysis in Wuhan, China, using millions of charging records and dynamic population distribution data. Results show that the optimization enhances overall fairness by providing more equitable access to charging services across different regions. In terms of efficiency, the optimization significantly improves charging equipment utilization and maximizes resource allocation. Specifically, prioritizing charging station allocation during working hours better accommodates dynamic charging demand and facilitates global optimization. This study validates the proposed optimization method, providing scientific guidance for urban charging station deployment, supporting city managers in making informed decisions, and promoting the widespread adoption of electric vehicles to advance sustainable urban transportation. Additionally, it supports energy conservation, emission reduction, and climate change mitigation, laying a strong foundation for achieving sustainable development goals.

Publication Source (Journal or Book title)

Sustainable Cities and Society

Number

682

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